J. P. Chandra

Abstract

Natural forest cover of India is declining and timber imports are draining foreign exchange. This is because productivity aspect of forests has been assigned low priority in our policies. To overcome the problem the only answer is plantation forestry which will help in sustainable timber and forest goods production. Poplars were introduced in agroforestry by M/s WIMCO Seedlings Limited almost two decades back. On account of their higher productivity they are conspicuous over agricultural fields in Indo-gangetic plains. At present about 23,000 ha of agricultural land is annually planted with Poplars. Considering total irrigated land of Western Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab, little has been covered by Poplars. Apart from generating raw material for industries, Poplars are helpful to improve socio-economic status of farmers and generate employment for rural population, mainly on account of their higher productivity and ready market. To avoid monoculture, maintain vigour of clones and pest resistance, thereby maintenance of productivity, regularly new clones of Poplar are needed, for which, breeding programme is a must. M/s WIMCO Seedlings Limited is actively busy in developing new clones of Poplar. Already 9 clones are registered with International Poplar Commission and another 12 clones which are more productive than G-48 are in pipeline. All these 12 clones are expected to increase per unit area wood yield by 150 per cent. At present M/s WIMCO Seedlings Limited is testing 65 clones under multilocational trial and 347 hybrid/half-sib seedlings are ready for release for multilocational field testing. Apart from them, 11,242 seedlings are under study after second stage screening in nursery for field tests. Populus species, which was initially introduced in our country to produce raw material for match industry, has been a gift for veneer industry on account of which large number of plywood units have been established in Northern India. Recently pencil industry has also shown its interest for wood of Poplar and it is expected that compressed wood industry will consume largest portion of Poplar wood in near future.

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J. P. Chandra , J. N. Gandhi , B. C. Joshi

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J. P. Chandra , M. P. S. Yadava , J. N. Gandhi

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Performance trial of 25 provenances of six species of eucalypts was conducted at R&D Station of M/s WIMCO Seedlings Limited located at Rudrapur, Nainital District in U.P. Out of 25 provenances tried, 10 were of E. camaldulensis, 5 were of E. grandis, 4 were of E. saligna, 3 were of E. brassiana, 2 were of E. urophylla and 1 was of Mysore gum. Observations of height, DBH, basal area, volume/ha were recorded. It was observed that provenance 13022 NW of Caboolture, 12970 SFR 194 Herberton Range, Qld. of E. grandis and 13026 South of Calliope, Qld. of E. saligna yielded higher wood per unit area than rest of the provenances under study and were significantly better that control i.e. Mysore gum CBJ-38. Provenance 13395 of E. brassiana yielded poorest.

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Dipak Singh , J. P. Chandra , A. B. Singh

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Anthracnose of Poplar caused by Colletotrichum graminicolum is a serious disease in Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh. The present investigation were undertaken to study the screening of fungicides and antibiotics against the pathogens under in-vitro conditions. Hundred per cent inhibition of C. graminicolum was recorded in Bavistin (50 ppm and onward) and Topsin-M in 10 ppm and above. Aureofungin was found highly effective against this fungus in reduction of radial growth as well as spore germination.

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J. P. Chandra , J. N. Gandhi

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No abstract

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J. P. Chandra , J. N. Gandhi

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No abstract

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J. P. Chandra , B. C. Joshi

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Six years growth of performance trial of 32 clones of poplar growing under agro-climatic conditions of Tarai are reported. Object of the study was to locate clones other than G-3 and G-48 for commercial cultivation. Clone S7C4, S7C8, S7C15 and S7C20 were observed to be growing equally well and all of them are so far immune to leaf blight disease caused by Bipolaris maydis. Planting of intimate mixture clone G-3, G-48,S7C4, S7C8, S7C15 and S7C20 is advocated for commercial plantations.

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J. P. Chandra

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Though Poplars were known to us, their commercial cultivation is quite new to us. In localities where Poplars can be cultivated, farmers are not able to decide about tree crop for Farm Forestry, for want of enough information available about Poplars. As such history, cultivation, yield, pests and economics of Poplar cultivation are discussed in detail. It is interestingto to note that Poplars are capable to provide an I R R of 39.22. Adoption of Poplar Cultivation will not only increase income and output of farm land but will also reduce pressure on State Forests as sizeable quantity of fuel and industrial wood will be generated out side forest. Role of M/s. Wimco Limited a safety match company in development of Poplar cultivation in forests as well as farms is also discussed. Till October, 1985, 4200 ha of forest and agricultural land was covered wilh Poplar in Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.

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J. P. Chandra , M. P. S. Yadava

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Clonal propagation of Mysore gum (Eucalyptus hybrid) was attempted by budding, grafting, air-layering and soft wood cuttings. Only 40, 83, 18 and 45 per cent success was achieved in grafting, budding, air-layering and soft wood cuttings respeclively. 10,000 ppm of IBA was found helpful in ischolar_maining air layers and soft wood cuttings.

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J. P. Chandra , Atma Ram

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Results of two experiments conducted to find out the effect of the depth of sowing on germination of deodar seed are presented. In both the experiments, germination increased as the depth of sowing increased from 5 mm to 10 mm but further increase in depth resulted in decreased germination. Sowings deeper than 15 mm delayed germination significantly. 10 mm depth is recommended for sowing of deodar seed.

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M. P. Gupta , J. P. Chandra

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The description of A Mist Chamber constructed at Simla has been given. The results of trials made with coniferous species like Pinus roxburgyhii, Pinus wallichiana, Pinus gerardiana, Cedrus deodara, Abies pindrow and Picea ,emythiyana have been given. Except Pinus gerardiana all the species have been ischolar_mained. The studies. Have indicated that mist chambers are very usleful in ischolar_maining coniferous species.

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J. P. Chandra

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Results of ischolar_maining of Magnolia grandiflora stem cutting are reported. In 92 days time under controlled temperature aad humidity, 32 per cent cuttings were able to produce ischolar_mains, wilen cuttings were three season old, without any aid of ischolar_main promoting hormone.

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J. P. Chandra

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Plastic mulch of 1000 gauge thickness controlled weeds more effectively and produced more seedlings per bed with better initial height.

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J. P. Chandra , M. M. Khushdil

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Spiraea sorbifolia Linn. is useful species for soil conservation, fodder, fuel and regeneration of Chilgoza in cold deserts of Himachal Pradesh. The species can be easily multiplied by hard wood stem cuttings. In study under report, 52 percent of cuttings ischolar_mained without any aid of ischolar_main promoting hormone and irrigation.

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J. P. Chandra , J. L. Mahindru

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Quercus incana be propagated by air-layering. Untreated air-layers gave only 4 percent success but treatment with 1 part Rootone in 100 parts lanolin gave 28 percent success. It was also observed that, lower concentrations of ischolar_main promoting hormone produced more ischolar_mained air layers and with better ischolar_main development.

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J. P. Chandra , R. K. Sharma

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no abstract

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J. P. Chandra , J. L. Mehindru

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Results of study on air-layering of Chilgoza pine branches are roported. The application of Seradix B-3 induced ischolar_maining in twenty percent of the air-layers, while air-layers without the application of Seradix did not ischolar_main.

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J. P. Chandra , P. S. Chauhan

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Gibberellic acid was used for improving seed germination of spruces Soaking of seeds in 500 ppm solution gave as good results as soaking in 750 and 1000 ppm. Germination percentage of a seed sample which had 30 percent germination one and half years before, was recorded as, 25, 58, 74, 75 and 80 after soaking them in water, 250 ppm., 500 ppm., 750 ppm, and 1000 ppm. Gibberellic acid solution respectively.

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R. V. Singh , J. P. Chandra , S. N. Sharma

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The results of the experiments conducted on the effect of depth of sowing on germination of kail seeds are reported. Sowings done up to 15 mllilmetres depth gave higher germination percentage than deeper sowings. Sowing of kail at a depth of 15 millimetres is recommended and sowing deeper than 25 millimetres should be avoided.

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J. P. Chandra , R. K. Sharma

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Results of a trial conducted on air-layering of deodar branches are reported. The application of Seradix B₃ induced ischolar_maining and 28 percent of the air-layers ischolar_mained while air-layers without the application of Seradix did not ischolar_main.

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J. P. Chandra

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Results of a trial conducted on air-layering of blue pine branches are reported. Application of Seradix B3 induced ischolar_maining in 30 per cent of air-layers while air-layers wlthout the application of Seradix did not ischolar_main.

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R. V. Singh , J. P. Chandra , R. K. Sharma

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The results of two experiments conducted to study the effect of the depth of sowing on germination of spruce seeds are summarised. In both these experiments the germination percentage decreased as the depth of sowing increased; the decrease being very much marked with sowings done at a depth of 15 mm and more. Deeper sowings delayed germination and the number of days taken for the commencement of germination increased with an increase in the depth of sowing. The results of these experiments show that spruce should be sown as shallow as possible and in no case deeper than to 10 mm.

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J. P. Chandra , R. K. Sharma

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A study to control damping-off in Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii) seedings, caused by Fusarium spp. was conducted at Solan (India) by using 11 treatments comprising of drenching the Soil and Seed with different concentrations of five fungicides, namely, Mercuric chloride, Brassicol, Captan, Thiram and Dithane M 45. The results, show that none of treatments had any significant effect on germinations of the seed. The drenching of soil with 0.3% Captan solution, or 0.25%. Thiram solutions, or 0.2% Dithane M 45 solution gave significantly better survival of seedlings than other treatments, there being no significant difference in between these three treatments.

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J. P. Chandra

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Air-layering of Pinus pseudostrobus done in February, March, May and June failed to produce ischolar_mained air-1ayer. Air-layering done in April produced 7.5 percent ischolar_mained air-layers in control and 15 percent ischolar_mained air-layers with the help of Rootone. April is tbe proper month for air-layering of P. psuedostrobus.

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J. P. Chandra , Atma Ram

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Results of studies on air-layering on 13 exotic conifers are reported. In Pinus palula, P. khasya, P. insularis, Thuja orientalis and Cryptomeria japonica more than 50 percent of treated air-layers produced ischolar_mains. In Thuja plicata and Larix leptolepis success of treated air-layers was 10 and 20 percent respectively. Only in case of Pinus insularis control air-layers were able to produce ischolar_mains on 30 to 40 percent air-layers.

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